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API keys carry a nested permission document. The Gateway checks the required action for every product route.

Cloud CDN

Cloud DNS

TLS Manager

Selecting a certificate on a distribution also requires Modify distribution.

Cloud Shield

Plan limits and add-ons are checked in addition to permissions. Cloud Shield role assignments require an organization administrator; role bindings restrict existing project access.

Least-privilege examples

  • A CDN cache invalidator needs Modify distribution, but not create or delete permissions.
  • A DNS deployment job usually needs list, create, modify, and delete record-set permissions, but not zone deletion.
  • A monitoring integration needs list permissions only.
Do not grant API-key management permissions to ordinary delivery or DNS automation. A credential that can create or roll other credentials expands the impact of compromise.